For a client with portal hypertension and esophageal varices, what is the goal of nursing interventions?

• A. Reduce fluid accumulation and venous pressure
• B. Treat the esophageal varices
• C. Promote optimal neurologic function
• D. Cure the cirrhosis

Answer: (A)

Portal hypertension creates backpressure in the portal system, leading to esophageal varices and ascites. The most important nursing goal is to lower that portal venous pressure and reduce fluid accumulation. By restricting sodium, carefully monitoring intake and output, and using diuretics as ordered, you help decrease ascites and edema, which in turn reduces the stress on fragile variceal vessels and lowers the risk of rupture. This approach focuses on preventing bleeding and improving comfort rather than curing the underlying cirrhosis or directly restoring neurologic function, which are not immediately achievable through nursing measures.