What is the most common transmission route of Hepatitis C?

• A. Blood transfusion
• B. Sharps injury
• C. Long-term dialysis
• D. IV drug use

Answer: (D)

Hepatitis C is transmitted through blood, so any exposure to infected blood can spread the virus. The most common route is injection drug use with shared needles and injection equipment, which creates a highly efficient blood-to-blood transmission pathway. Historically, blood transfusions were a major source of transmission before routine screening of the blood supply, but with current screening, this risk is now very low. Sharps injuries can cause transmission in healthcare settings, but they account for far fewer cases compared with injection drug use. Long-term dialysis carries some risk due to blood exposure, yet it is not the predominant route. Therefore, the scenario that involves sharing injection equipment best explains the most common transmission route. Emphasize prevention through not sharing injection gear and seeking testing if exposed; note that there is no vaccine for hepatitis C, so reducing exposure is key.